Understanding 3 Different Types Of TMJ Disorders

Conditions affecting the joint that connects the jawbone to the skull are referred to as TMJ diseases. Although this joint permits the jaw to move smoothly, it can cause excruciating pain and agony when it fails. TMJ Disorder is a medical problem that can cause discomfort and dysfunction in the jaw. It can start to impact your everyday function if left untreated. 

Here’s what you need to know about the three primary types of TMJ disorders and procedures that can help restore normal function.

Typical Symptoms Of TMJ Disorder

Common symptoms include:

• Pain in the jaw joint, often mistaken for an earache.
• Headaches resulting from muscle tension around the jaw.
• Difficulty moving the jaw. This includes locking or limited range of motion.
• Painful clicking or popping sounds when opening or closing the mouth.
• Changes in how the teeth align. it can be uncomfortable to bite or chew.

Not every patient experiences all or the same symptoms that is why it is crucial to connect with a TMJ doctor. To find the right treatment option it is important that you understand the different types of TMJ disorder. 

Three Main Types of TMJ Disorders

1. Disc Displacement (Internal Derangement of TMJ)

The TMJ contains a small cartilage disc that helps cushion and guide movement. In disc displacement, this disc moves out of its normal position, causing discomfort and functional issues.

Disc Displacement with Reduction (DDWR): The disc shifts out of place but returns when opening the mouth. This is often accompanied by clicking or popping sounds but may not always cause pain.

Disc Displacement without Reduction (DDWOR): The disc does not return to its correct position, leading to jaw locking, restricted movement, and pain.

How it affects you: If untreated, disc displacement can worsen over time, leading to joint degeneration and difficulty opening the mouth fully.

2. TMJ Arthritis (Joint Inflammation and Breakdown)

TMJ arthritis occurs when the joint becomes inflamed due to medical conditions, leading to cartilage breakdown and bone damage. It can result from:

Osteoarthritis (OA): Wear and tear of the joint over time.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): An autoimmune condition that attacks the joint lining.

Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA): Inflammatory arthritis linked to psoriasis.

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS): A chronic inflammatory disease that can limit jaw movement.

Infectious Arthritis: Bacterial or viral infections causing severe inflammation and pain.

How it affects you: TMJ arthritis leads to joint pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, sometimes causing deformities if left untreated.

3. Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome (MPDS)

MPDS is a muscle-related TMJ disorder, often caused by stress, teeth grinding, or jaw clenching. It leads to:

• Painful spasms in the jaw muscles.
• Tension headaches starting from the jaw area.
• Difficulty opening or closing the mouth due to muscle tightness.

How it affects you: MPDS can cause chronic jaw pain and discomfort, making everyday activities like eating and speaking difficult.

Treatment: TMJ Arthroscopy, A Minimally Invasive Solution

Unlike invasive surgeries, TMJ arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that helps diagnose and treat TMJ disorders effectively. This procedure involves inserting a small camera (arthroscope) into the joint to assess and repair damage without large incisions.

Benefits of TMJ Arthroscopy:

• Minimally invasive
• No incisions
• No stitches 
• No open cuts
• No scars
• Effective for disc displacement and inflammation
• Can reposition the disc and remove inflammatory tissue.
• Improves jaw function
• Restores mobility and reduces pain.
• Patients typically recover faster than with traditional open-joint procedures.

If you’re struggling with persistent jaw pain, clicking, or difficulty moving your jaw, it’s essential to consult a specialist. TMJ disorders are medical conditions that require expert care—don’t ignore the symptoms.

To Wrap It Up

TMJ disorders can significantly impact your quality of life, but the right treatment can restore function and reduce discomfort. Whether you’re experiencing disc displacement, arthritis, or myofascial pain, TMJ arthroscopy offers a minimally invasive solution for relief.

If you’re experiencing TMJ-related symptoms, don’t wait. Schedule a consultation with Dr. Luis Gavin today to explore the best treatment options for you.