Maxillofacial surgery is an operation performed by a highly trained dental surgeon. A variety of maxillofacial procedures can treat diseases, fix injuries or correct defects in your face, jaw or mouth. As with any operation, maxillofacial surgery has certain risks. But the procedures help many reduce pain, fix deformities and restore function.
Maxillofacial surgery is a special type of dentistry. It involves operations to correct diseases, injuries and defects of your face, jaw or mouth. Maxillofacial surgeons are advanced specialists who diagnose and treat problems with:
Bones and tissues of your jaw and lower face (maxillofacial area).
Roof of your mouth (palate).
Teeth.
Maxillofacial surgery is performed to:
- Improve jaw function.
- Relieve pain.
Maxillofacial surgery can address a wide variety of dental problems and conditions, such as:
- Diagnosing reasons for chronic dental pain.
- Preparing the mouth for dental implants and prostheses (such as dentures).
- Placing dental implants.
- Removing (extracting) impacted teeth.
- Treat oral diseases.
Procedures can also treat jaw problems, such as:
- Bone grafting, or transplanting bone from another area of the body to replace bone that’s missing in your jaw.
- Reconstructing your jaw to correct an abnormal bite.
- Treating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders that affect the area where your lower jaw attaches to your skull.
- Treating injuries related to trauma to your face, jaw and mouth.
Other reasons to perform maxillofacial surgery include:
- Correcting congenital (present at birth) abnormalities such as cleft lip and palate.
- Diagnosing and treating cysts, tumors, cancer and other growths in your head and neck.
- Diagnosing reasons for chronic facial pain.
- Treating facial trauma (injury), such as facial fractures or damaged maxillofacial tissue.
Recovery after maxillofacial surgery depends on the type of procedure you have. You’ll likely experience some discomfort, sensitivity, swelling and bleeding for at least a few days. Your healthcare provider may recommend pain medications to keep you comfortable.
If you received stitches, they’ll either dissolve or be removed in about a week.
You may have to avoid certain foods and activities for days or weeks. Your healthcare provider will give you specific instructions, which may include:
- Apply ice packs to reduce inflammation.
- Avoid foods that are crunchy, chewy or hard.
- Avoid tobacco products and alcohol.
- Don’t exercise for a few days because it can increase bleeding and swelling.
- Rest to prevent complications.
- Rinse your teeth instead of brushing them to kill bacteria in the mouth.